Document Type : Science - Research (Political Science)

Authors

• Mehdi Reza Darvishzadeh ¹
• Hadi Ajili ²
• Ashkan Karimi Damavandi ³

¹ Faculty member of Tehran University

² Faculty member of Imam Sadiq Allameh Tabatabaei University

³ M.A. in Mathematics from Tehran University

Abstract

The concepts being used in international relations are mostly qualitative, subjective and incalculable. However, in the middle decades of the twentieth century, some efforts had been carried out in order to make some of the concepts and propositions of this field formulated, calculable and statistical. This process suffered serious shortcomings and proved fruitless in making international relations computable. However, making use of mathematical symbols and formulizing the propositions, while knowing the uncertainty of results and being a human related issue, is significant and useful and contributes to better understanding of phenomena in complex conditions. The framework of Game Theory, in the theoretical  literature of deterrence is amongst these concerns. In the early years of the twenty-first century arduous endeavors have been made to develop this theory and its models making its concepts and qualitative signs formulized and calculable in the European and American International relations. On the other hand, in recent decades, international relations theories have had a considerable tendency towards involving norms in their literature and analysis. In the present article the authors seek to study the ways in which norms affect and intervene in the field of international relations through symbolizing and formulating these concepts within the new versions of Game Theory. Actually the authors have tried to answer the following question: "When, how and to what extent can norms affect the performance of the countries in international relations?".